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Guayasamin House and Museum(Guayasamin房子和博物馆)—— Diego Guayasamin

发布时间:2019-11-19 18:31:37 259 0

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建筑师:Diego Guayasamin

类型:住宅、

面积: 1800.0 m2

年份:2007

Text description provided by the architects. The site selection was a long and very important process because it required a space that would foster expectations for the project. A large area was required on the outskirts of Quito but directly related to the city. These objectives were translated into a hill in the area of Rancho San Francisco – Cumbaya. The location of the site implies a clear and strong visual presence for the developments in the area, and also privileged views of the Cumbaya valley and its surroundings.

Since the site had a steep slope, the first approach was to integrate the project into the local topography and design it on the highest area to gain height. Taking advantage of the slope, lawn slopes were designed to serve as a natural base for the proposed architecture. The social areas are located towards Cotopaxi mountain. The bedroom area is oriented directly with the morning sun, and overlooking the Cumbaya valley with the Cordillera Oriental and Antisana and Cayambe mountains behind. Internal areas such as study, family room, and others, “open” towards an interior courtyard with a reflecting pool, and in the middle a pre-Columbian milestone designed by architect Gustavo Guayasamin, as the vertical axis of the project.

In terms of its image, the house is an architectural volume, protagonist and dynamic. It is the articulation of white volumes with a very clear and defined rhythm, and slanted exterior walls. All the elements are intended to be an interpretation of the environment, specifically the Andes. The roofs have the same treatment as the slanted walls, thus creating the idea of the “fifth facade”. The roof-facade is equally important in the aesthetic composition. This is a modern project that rescues Ecuadorean traditional architectural elements such as: load bearing walls, stone baseboards, interior courtyard with a water feature, great presence of walls versus openings for windows mostly recessed to create light and shadow effects, among others.One of the decisions of the architect was to build an exterior architectural diaphragm, which acts as a screen in its most literal sense. It is like a blank sheet that integrates into the architecture and projects it, separating the pool space from the vehicle circulation area.

The house is divided into three levels: a basement with parking and storage areas, with service housing and spaces for employees, which can function independently. A main floor with the majority of the components of the project, and a mezzanine for guests and movie theater.

The main floor has been zoned into three large spaces: bedroom block, social areas, and independent suite, alternately distributed along the main circulation axis that starts at the entrance of the residence and ends, at the other end, with the entrance to the suite. In the center of this circulation is the vertical core with an elevator. There is an additional recreational area, with a pool and a waterfall, a green area and viewing deck.

Inside, the house follows the same approach as on the outside, simplicity but with a strong image. A white envelope for walls and ceilings with a dark contrast. The color of the different areas is highlighted uniquely by artworks of three types: colonial painting and sculpture, pre-Columbian archeology, and Guayasamin contemporary painting. For each of these artworks, spaces and specific niches have been designed as part of the interior architecture.

Similarly, two different types of scales and sensations can be defined. A friendly one for the private spaces, and another, large-format one for the social areas that contribute to the idea of a museum. To complement the interior architecture, furniture has been designed in proportion to the space, specific carpentry for the project. Furniture, decorative objects, fabrics, and imported carpets. Lighting design specific for a museum, integrated audio and security systems, among others.The designer’s intention was always to make a different proposal, but with a strong identity. Consistent with its context and its design style. Thereby providing a reference of what is or may be contemporary Ecuadorian architecture.

This project could also be seen as an experiment that has merged the experience and creditworthiness of a mature architect with the new concerns and expectations of a young architect. At the same time, it is the epilogue of the work of architect Gustavo Guayasamin, with almost 60 years of professional practice, who at 80 years has been able to conceive a project of this nature.Protagonist facades in balance and harmony, fluid and simple spaces, light, nature, and serenity, are some of the qualities that can be attributed to this project. A house, a home to host and share, to enjoy daily life.

建筑师提供的文本描述。选址是一个漫长而又非常重要的过程,因为它需要一个空间来培养对项目的期望。基多郊区需要一大片区域,但与城市直接相关。这些目标被转化为旧金山-坎巴亚牧场地区的一座小山。场地的位置暗示了该地区发展的清晰和强烈的视觉存在,以及坎巴亚山谷及其周围的优越景观。

由于场地坡度陡峭,第一种方法是将项目融入当地地形,并将其设计在最高的区域以获得高度。利用斜坡的优势,草坪斜坡被设计成一个天然的建筑基地。社会区域朝向科托帕西山。卧室区域直接面向早晨的太阳,并俯瞰坎巴亚山谷与科迪勒拉东方和安提萨纳和卡扬贝山背后。内部区域,如书房、家庭房等,“开放”朝向带有倒影池的室内庭院,中间是由建筑师Gustavo Guayasamin设计的前哥伦布时代的里程碑,作为项目的垂直轴。

在它的形象方面,房子是一个建筑体量,主角和动态。它是白色体量的衔接,有着非常清晰和明确的节奏,以及倾斜的外墙。所有的元素都是为了解释环境,特别是安第斯山脉。屋顶的处理方式与斜墙相同,因此产生了“第五立面”的概念。屋顶立面在美学构图中同样重要。这是一个现代的项目,它保留了厄瓜多尔传统的建筑元素,比如:承重墙、石基板、带有水景的室内庭院、大量的墙壁和窗户的开口,这些窗户大多是凹进去创造光影效果的。建筑师的一个决定是建造一个外部的建筑隔板,它作为一个屏幕在最字面的意义上。它就像一张白纸,整合到建筑中,并将其投射出来,将池空间与车辆流通区域分开。

住宅分为三层:地下室,有停车场和储物区,为员工提供服务住房和空间,可以独立运作。主层包含了项目的大部分组成部分,以及供客人和电影院使用的夹层。

主层被划分为三个大空间:卧室区、社交区和独立套房,交替分布在从住宅入口开始到另一端与套房入口相连的主要交通轴线上。在这个循环的中心是带电梯的垂直核心。还有一个额外的休闲区,有一个游泳池和一个瀑布,一个绿色区域和观景台。

住宅内部采用了与外部相同的方法,简单但有强烈的形象。白色信封,用于墙壁和天花板,与深色对比。不同区域的颜色被三种类型的艺术品所突出:殖民时期的绘画和雕塑、前哥伦布时期的考古学和Guayasamin的当代绘画。对于每一件艺术品,空间和特定的壁龛都被设计成室内建筑的一部分。

类似地,可以定义两种不同类型的音阶和感觉。一个用于私人空间,另一个用于社交区域,形成了博物馆的想法。为了补充室内建筑,家具被设计成与空间成比例,具体的木工为项目。家具、装饰品、织物和进口地毯。特别为博物馆设计的照明,集成音频和安全系统,以及其他。设计师的意图总是提出一个不同的建议,但带有强烈的身份。符合其环境和设计风格。从而提供了一个参考什么是或可能是当代厄瓜多尔建筑。

这个项目也可以被看作是一个实验,它融合了成熟架构师的经验和信誉,以及年轻架构师的新关注点和期望。同时,它是建筑师Gustavo Guayasamin作品的结语,他有将近60年的专业实践经验,80年的经验使他能够构想出这样一个性质的项目。

建筑立面的平衡与和谐、流动与简单的空间、光线、自然和宁静,这些都是这个项目的特点。一个家,一个主人和分享的家,一个享受日常生活的家。

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